Everything about Siege Of Jerusalem 1948 totally explained
The
siege of Jerusalem was a complex series of
military events beginning on December 1, 1947 and lasting through July 10, 1948. The siege was initiated by local
Palestinian Arab militias immediately after the
United Nations adopted a resolution ordering
partition of Palestine into
Jewish and
Arab states. According to the plan, Jerusalem was supposed to be an international zone, surrounded on all sides by the Arab state. From May 15, following the end of the
British Mandate of Palestine and the declaration of the state of Israel, the Palestinian militias were joined by the
Transjordan Arab Legion, assisted by
British officers, and by the
Egyptian Army, which invaded into Palestine.
The intention of besieging forces was to isolate the 100,000 Jewish residents of the city from the rest of the Jewish inhabitants of Palestine. In particular, the Arab forces tried to cut off the road to Jerusalem from the coastal plain, where the majority of the Jewish population resided. The main road between
Latrun and Jerusalem, nowadays part of
Highway 1, passed through
Bab al-Wad, a narrow valley surrounded by Arab villages on hills on both sides. The Arabs also cut off the water pipe to Jerusalem.
Convoys of armoured vehicles which carried supply to the Jewish population were repeatedly attacked on the road to Jerusalem, inflicting heavy casualties and bringing the Jewish residents to the brink of starvation. Several operations that were held by Jewish military forces in April and May 1948 in attempt to seize control of the strategic "corridor" brought only temporary relief. In late May and early June the Israeli forces were able to build a bypass road through the Judean Hills called the
Burma Road, which was opened to traffic on June 10, thus ending the siege.
Background
War of the Roads
Resupply columns
Fall of Atarot and Neve Yaakov
Near famine in the city
Battle of Kastel
Deir Yassin Massacre
Hadassah medical convoy massacre
The Bombing Campaign
The bomb maker, Fawzi al-Kutab
Ben Yehuda Street
Palestine Post
Jewish Agency
Jewish Counter-Attack
Fall of Katamon and San Simon Monastery
The Siege of the Jewish Quarter
Jewish Quarter is Besieged
British lock in inhabitants
Arab Legion takes the Quarter and blows it up, including the Hurva Synagogue
Battle of Gush Etzion
Siege and fall of Gush Etzion kibbutzim, the Kfar Etzion massacre.
The British Evacuation
Fall of Bevingrad
The Battle of Latrun
Haganah failure to occupy the concrete Taggart fort at Latrun overlooking the Tel Aviv highway, and its subsequent occupation by the Arab Legion, newly assigned to Transjordan.
Failed attempts to clear the road.
Critical involvement of British military personnel, and their withdrawal.
The Burma Road
Arrival of Mickey Marcus
Engineering the road
End of the blockade
The Battle of Ramat Rachel
Egyptian Army repeatedly takes and loses control of Ramat Rachel
Egyptian Army cut off by fall of Beersheba.
The Partition of Jerusalem
Armistice and division of the city along ethnic and religious lines
Mandelbaum Gate
Isolation of Mount Scopus
Isolation of Jewish holy places, including the Western Wall
Lasting Effects
Diplomatic isolation of the city
Travel restrictions
Decline of Christian population in Jordanian sector
Outbreak of 1967 Six Day War
Revisionism
Disappearance of the siege from history
Views of Arab and pro-Arab writersFurther Information
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